«Транспортное поведение», «подвижность» и «мобильность»: к вопросу о концептуализации терминов
Выражение признательности
В данной работе использованы результаты проекта «Мониторинг транспортного поведения домохозяйств»выполненного в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2014 году
Для цитирования
Мулеев Е. Ю. «Транспортное поведение», «подвижность» и «мобильность»: к вопросу о концептуализации терминов // Социологический журнал. 2015. Том 21. № 3. С. С. 8-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2015.21.3.2375
Аннотация
В статье предпринимается попытка выявить концептуальные и методологические различия между понятиями «транспортное поведение», «подвижность» и «мобильность», которые широко используются в исследованиях транспортного поведения населения. Результаты анализа отечественных и зарубежных исследований в этой сфере позволили выделить два направления — «управленческое» и «академическое», — различающиеся по концептуальному содержанию основного понятия, и выявить проблему терминологической путаницы. В первом случае («управленческое» направление) центральным оказывается концепт подвижности, во втором («академическое» направление) — понятие мобильности. Цель статьи — определить методологические различия дефиниций, используемых в указанных направлениях, принимая во внимание третье понятие, — «транспортное поведение», — имеющее непосредственное отношение к предмету исследования.Автор приходит к выводу, что концепт «транспортное поведение» выступает как синтез количественных и качественных исследовательских методик. История «управленческого» направления демонстрирует определенный дефицит объяснительных возможностей. Привлечение инструментария «академического» направления может оказаться продуктивным как в теории, так и в методологии исследований транспорта. Автор также отмечает, что тематика изучения транспортного поведения, даже в рамках «управленческого» направления, меняется: если ранее исследовательский интерес сосредоточивался на экономических предпосылках передвижений, то теперь он смещается в сторону социально обусловленных явлений
Ключевые слова:
транспортное поведение, социология мобильностей, подвижность, мобильность, концептуализация понятия, теория и методология исследования транспорта
Литература
Abragamson A. Gorodskiya zhelѣznyya dorogi, ikh sovremennoe znacheniie, razvitie i budushchnost'. [City Railways: Importance, Development and Future.] Kiev: "Tipo-lit. t-va I.N. Kushnerev" i K˚, 1895. 48 p.
Bliokh I.S. Vliyanie zheleznykh dorog na ekonomicheskoe sostoyanie Rossii. Tom V. Finansovye rezul'taty. [The Influence of Railways on Russian Economy. Vol. 5. Financial Results.] St Petersburg: Tipografiya M.O. Vol'fa, 1878. 248 p.
Vaksman S.A. O sootnoshenii ponyatii «mobil'nost'» i «podvizhnost'» v issledovanii transportnykh sistem gorodov. [Towards Conceptual Balance Between Mobility and Motility Terms in Transportation Studies. Proceedings of the X International Conference, Ekaterinburg, 14–15 June, 2014. Ed. S.A. Vaksman. Ekaterinburg: AMB Publ., 2014.] [online]. Accessed 18.08.2014. URL:.
Gudvin F. Inauguratsionnaya lektsiya UCL, 1997. [Inaugural Lecture UCL. Transl. by M.Ya. Blinkin], 2009. Polit.ru [online]. Accessed: 20.08.2014. URL:.
Efremov I.S., Kobozev V.M., Yudin V.A. Teoriya gorodskikh passazhirskikh perevozok: Ucheb. posobie dlya vuzov. [The Theory of Public Transprotation.] Moscow: Vysshaya shkola, 1980. 535 p.
Zil'bertal' A.Kh. Tramvainoe khozyaistvo. [Tramways Facilities.] Leningrad: OGIZ Gostransizdat, 1932. 302 p.
Zil'bertal' A.Kh. Problemy gorodskogo passazhirskogo transporta. [Problems of Public Transportation in Cities.] Leningrad: Gosudarstvennoe transportnoe izdatel'stvo, 1937. 277 p. (In Russ.)
Ivanov M.D. Moskovskii tramvai: stranitsy istorii. [Tram in Moscow: History Pages.] Moscow: GK Mosgortrans, 1999. 250 p.
Lobanov E.M. Transportnaya planirovka gorodov: Uchebnik dlya studentov vuzov. [Transportation Planning: a Textbook for Student.]. Moscow: Transport, 1990. 240 p.
Muleev E.Yu. Otsenka sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo effekta ot transporta: Kratkii obzor metodik. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie problemy razvitiya i funktsionirovaniya transportnykh sistem gorodov i zon ikh vliyaniya [Nauch. red. S.A. Vaksman]. [Transportation Social and Economic Effects Assessment: the Short Review of Domestic and Foreign Methods. Proceedings of the X International Conference, Ekaterinburg, 14–15 June, 2014. Ed. S.A. Vaksman. Ekaterinburg: AMB Publ., 2014. P. 171–179.]
Transportnoe modelirovanie: Metodologicheskie osnovy, programmnye sredstva i prakticheskie rekomendatsii. [Modeling of Transportation Flows: Methodology, Tools and Recommendations. Ed. V.V. Donchenko.] Moscow: Avtopolis-plyus, 2008. 112 p.
Trubina E.G. Gorod v teorii: Opyty osmysleniya prostranstva. [City in Theory: A Reasoning Experience of Space.] Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2011. 520 p.
Urri Dzh. Mobilities. (Russ. ed.: Mobil'nosti. Transl. by A.V. Lazarev. Moscow: Praksis, 2012.)
Urri Dzh. Sociology Beyond Societies: Mobilities for the Twenty-First Century. (Russ. ed.: Sotsiologiya za predelami obshchestv: Vidy mobil'nosti dlya XX stoletiya. Transl. by D. Kralechkin. Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 2012. 336 p.
Filippov A.F. Developing the Theory of Events. Article One. A Didactic Experiment. Sotsiologicheskoe obozrenie. 2011. Vol. 10. No. 1–2. P. 6–18. (In Russ.)
Kharlamov N.A. New Society or a New Science about Society? John Urry’s Sociology of Mobilities. Introductory article. Urri Dzh. Mobilities. (Russ. ed.: Mobil'nosti. Transl. by A.V. Lazarev. Moscow: Praksis, 2012 P. 7–58.) (In Russ.)
Yakimov M.R. Scientific Methodology of Development an Effective Transportation System for Big City. The thesis for the academic title of Doctor of Engineering Sciences. Moscow: MADI, 2011. 245 p. (In Russ.)
75 Years of the Fundamental Diagram for Traffic Flow Theory. Greenshields Symposium. TRB, Transportation Research Circular E-C149. Washington D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2011. P. 236.
Buscher M., Urry J. Mobile Methods and the Empirical. European Journal of Social Theory. 2009. Vol. 12 (1). P. 99–116.
Dant T. The Driver-car. Theory, Culture and Society. 2004. No. 21. P. 61–80.
Eliasson J., Jonsson J. The unexpected “yes”: Explanatory Factors Behind the Positive Attitudes to Congestion Charges in Stockholm. Transport Policy. 2011. No. 18. P. 636–647.
Goodwin P., Cairns S., Dargay J., Hanly M., Parkhurst G., Stoke G., Vythoulkas P. Changing Travel Behaviour. ESRC Transport Studies Unit, University College London. Preprint based on the final TSU Conference. September 2004. L.: University College London. P. 38.
Harvey A.S. Time-space diaries: Merging traditions. P. Stopher, P. Jones (eds.). Transport Survey Quality and Innovation. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 2003. P. 151–180.
Kelly P., Krenn P., Titze S., Stopher P., Foster Ch. Quantifing the Difference Between Self-Reported and Global Positioning System Measured Journey Durations: A Systematic Review. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal. 2013. Vol. 33. No. 4. P. 443–459.
Lyons G. Transport and Society. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal. 2014. Vol. 24. No. 4. P. 485–509.
Merriman P. Rethinking Mobile Methods. Mobilities. 2014. Vol. 9. No. 2. P. 167–187.
Redman L., Friman M., Garling T., Hartig T. Quality Attributes of Public Transport that Attract Car Users: A Research Review. Transport Policy. 2013. No. 25. P. 119–127.
Ssheiner J. Housing mobility and travel behavior: A process-oriented approach to spatial mobility. Evidence from a new research field in Germany. Journal of Transport Geography. 2006. No. 14. P. 287–298.
Sheller M., Urry J. The New Mobilities Paradigm. Environment and Planning A. 2006.Vol. 38. No. 2. P. 207–226.
Shen L., Stopher P. Review of GPS Travel Survey and GPS Data-Processing Methods. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal. 2014. Vol. 34. No. 3. P. 316–334.
Song Ch., Qu Z., Blumm N., Barabsi A.-L. Limits of Predictability in Human Mobility. Science. 2010. No. 327. P. 1018.
Shove E. Rushing Around: Coordination, mobility and inequality. Draft paper for the Mobile Network meeting. 2002 [online]. Acessed: 10.04.2014. URL:.
Spinney J. Cycling in the City: Movement, Meaning and Method. Geography Compass. 2009. Vol. 3 (2). P. 817–835.
Stopher P.R., Greaves S.P. Household Travel Surveys: Where are We Going?. Transportation Research. Part A. 2007. No. 41. P. 367–381.
Stopher P.R., Wilmot, C.G. Development of a Prototype Time-Use Diary and Application in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Transportation Research Record. 2001. No. 1768. P. 89–98.
Urry J. The “System” of Automobility. Theory, Culture and Society. 2004. No. 21. P. 25–39.
Urry J. Mobile Sociology. The British Journal of Sociology. Vol. 61. January 2010. Issue Supplement s1. P. 347–366.
US. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. 2009 National Household Travel Survey: User’s Guide. Version 2 39 [online]. Accessed 11.09.2015. URL:.
Walker J. Beyond Rationality in Travel Demand Models. ACCESS 39. 2011 [online]. Accessed: 12.06.2014. URL:.
Weisbrod G., Reno A. Economic Impact of Public Transportation Investment. Prepared for American Public Transportation Association. October 2009. [online]. Accessed 10.09.2014. URL:.
Wolf J., Guensler R., Bachman W. Elimination of the Travel Diary: An Experiment to Derive Trip Purpose from GPS Travel Data. Transportation Research Record. 2001. No. 1768. P. 125–134.
Bliokh I.S. Vliyanie zheleznykh dorog na ekonomicheskoe sostoyanie Rossii. Tom V. Finansovye rezul'taty. [The Influence of Railways on Russian Economy. Vol. 5. Financial Results.] St Petersburg: Tipografiya M.O. Vol'fa, 1878. 248 p.
Vaksman S.A. O sootnoshenii ponyatii «mobil'nost'» i «podvizhnost'» v issledovanii transportnykh sistem gorodov. [Towards Conceptual Balance Between Mobility and Motility Terms in Transportation Studies. Proceedings of the X International Conference, Ekaterinburg, 14–15 June, 2014. Ed. S.A. Vaksman. Ekaterinburg: AMB Publ., 2014.] [online]. Accessed 18.08.2014. URL:
Gudvin F. Inauguratsionnaya lektsiya UCL, 1997. [Inaugural Lecture UCL. Transl. by M.Ya. Blinkin], 2009. Polit.ru [online]. Accessed: 20.08.2014. URL:
Efremov I.S., Kobozev V.M., Yudin V.A. Teoriya gorodskikh passazhirskikh perevozok: Ucheb. posobie dlya vuzov. [The Theory of Public Transprotation.] Moscow: Vysshaya shkola, 1980. 535 p.
Zil'bertal' A.Kh. Tramvainoe khozyaistvo. [Tramways Facilities.] Leningrad: OGIZ Gostransizdat, 1932. 302 p.
Zil'bertal' A.Kh. Problemy gorodskogo passazhirskogo transporta. [Problems of Public Transportation in Cities.] Leningrad: Gosudarstvennoe transportnoe izdatel'stvo, 1937. 277 p. (In Russ.)
Ivanov M.D. Moskovskii tramvai: stranitsy istorii. [Tram in Moscow: History Pages.] Moscow: GK Mosgortrans, 1999. 250 p.
Lobanov E.M. Transportnaya planirovka gorodov: Uchebnik dlya studentov vuzov. [Transportation Planning: a Textbook for Student.]. Moscow: Transport, 1990. 240 p.
Muleev E.Yu. Otsenka sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo effekta ot transporta: Kratkii obzor metodik. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie problemy razvitiya i funktsionirovaniya transportnykh sistem gorodov i zon ikh vliyaniya [Nauch. red. S.A. Vaksman]. [Transportation Social and Economic Effects Assessment: the Short Review of Domestic and Foreign Methods. Proceedings of the X International Conference, Ekaterinburg, 14–15 June, 2014. Ed. S.A. Vaksman. Ekaterinburg: AMB Publ., 2014. P. 171–179.]
Transportnoe modelirovanie: Metodologicheskie osnovy, programmnye sredstva i prakticheskie rekomendatsii. [Modeling of Transportation Flows: Methodology, Tools and Recommendations. Ed. V.V. Donchenko.] Moscow: Avtopolis-plyus, 2008. 112 p.
Trubina E.G. Gorod v teorii: Opyty osmysleniya prostranstva. [City in Theory: A Reasoning Experience of Space.] Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2011. 520 p.
Urri Dzh. Mobilities. (Russ. ed.: Mobil'nosti. Transl. by A.V. Lazarev. Moscow: Praksis, 2012.)
Urri Dzh. Sociology Beyond Societies: Mobilities for the Twenty-First Century. (Russ. ed.: Sotsiologiya za predelami obshchestv: Vidy mobil'nosti dlya XX stoletiya. Transl. by D. Kralechkin. Moscow: HSE Publishing House, 2012. 336 p.
Filippov A.F. Developing the Theory of Events. Article One. A Didactic Experiment. Sotsiologicheskoe obozrenie. 2011. Vol. 10. No. 1–2. P. 6–18. (In Russ.)
Kharlamov N.A. New Society or a New Science about Society? John Urry’s Sociology of Mobilities. Introductory article. Urri Dzh. Mobilities. (Russ. ed.: Mobil'nosti. Transl. by A.V. Lazarev. Moscow: Praksis, 2012 P. 7–58.) (In Russ.)
Yakimov M.R. Scientific Methodology of Development an Effective Transportation System for Big City. The thesis for the academic title of Doctor of Engineering Sciences. Moscow: MADI, 2011. 245 p. (In Russ.)
75 Years of the Fundamental Diagram for Traffic Flow Theory. Greenshields Symposium. TRB, Transportation Research Circular E-C149. Washington D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2011. P. 236.
Buscher M., Urry J. Mobile Methods and the Empirical. European Journal of Social Theory. 2009. Vol. 12 (1). P. 99–116.
Dant T. The Driver-car. Theory, Culture and Society. 2004. No. 21. P. 61–80.
Eliasson J., Jonsson J. The unexpected “yes”: Explanatory Factors Behind the Positive Attitudes to Congestion Charges in Stockholm. Transport Policy. 2011. No. 18. P. 636–647.
Goodwin P., Cairns S., Dargay J., Hanly M., Parkhurst G., Stoke G., Vythoulkas P. Changing Travel Behaviour. ESRC Transport Studies Unit, University College London. Preprint based on the final TSU Conference. September 2004. L.: University College London. P. 38.
Harvey A.S. Time-space diaries: Merging traditions. P. Stopher, P. Jones (eds.). Transport Survey Quality and Innovation. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 2003. P. 151–180.
Kelly P., Krenn P., Titze S., Stopher P., Foster Ch. Quantifing the Difference Between Self-Reported and Global Positioning System Measured Journey Durations: A Systematic Review. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal. 2013. Vol. 33. No. 4. P. 443–459.
Lyons G. Transport and Society. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal. 2014. Vol. 24. No. 4. P. 485–509.
Merriman P. Rethinking Mobile Methods. Mobilities. 2014. Vol. 9. No. 2. P. 167–187.
Redman L., Friman M., Garling T., Hartig T. Quality Attributes of Public Transport that Attract Car Users: A Research Review. Transport Policy. 2013. No. 25. P. 119–127.
Ssheiner J. Housing mobility and travel behavior: A process-oriented approach to spatial mobility. Evidence from a new research field in Germany. Journal of Transport Geography. 2006. No. 14. P. 287–298.
Sheller M., Urry J. The New Mobilities Paradigm. Environment and Planning A. 2006.Vol. 38. No. 2. P. 207–226.
Shen L., Stopher P. Review of GPS Travel Survey and GPS Data-Processing Methods. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal. 2014. Vol. 34. No. 3. P. 316–334.
Song Ch., Qu Z., Blumm N., Barabsi A.-L. Limits of Predictability in Human Mobility. Science. 2010. No. 327. P. 1018.
Shove E. Rushing Around: Coordination, mobility and inequality. Draft paper for the Mobile Network meeting. 2002 [online]. Acessed: 10.04.2014. URL:
Spinney J. Cycling in the City: Movement, Meaning and Method. Geography Compass. 2009. Vol. 3 (2). P. 817–835.
Stopher P.R., Greaves S.P. Household Travel Surveys: Where are We Going?. Transportation Research. Part A. 2007. No. 41. P. 367–381.
Stopher P.R., Wilmot, C.G. Development of a Prototype Time-Use Diary and Application in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Transportation Research Record. 2001. No. 1768. P. 89–98.
Urry J. The “System” of Automobility. Theory, Culture and Society. 2004. No. 21. P. 25–39.
Urry J. Mobile Sociology. The British Journal of Sociology. Vol. 61. January 2010. Issue Supplement s1. P. 347–366.
US. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. 2009 National Household Travel Survey: User’s Guide. Version 2 39 [online]. Accessed 11.09.2015. URL:
Walker J. Beyond Rationality in Travel Demand Models. ACCESS 39. 2011 [online]. Accessed: 12.06.2014. URL:
Weisbrod G., Reno A. Economic Impact of Public Transportation Investment. Prepared for American Public Transportation Association. October 2009. [online]. Accessed 10.09.2014. URL:
Wolf J., Guensler R., Bachman W. Elimination of the Travel Diary: An Experiment to Derive Trip Purpose from GPS Travel Data. Transportation Research Record. 2001. No. 1768. P. 125–134.
Форматы цитирования
Другие форматы цитирования:
ACM
[1]
Мулеев, Е.Ю. 2015. «Транспортное поведение», «подвижность» и «мобильность»: к вопросу о концептуализации терминов. Социологический журнал. 21, 3 (сен. 2015), С. 8-28. DOI:https://doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2015.21.3.2375.
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